How Much Water Do Dogs and Cats Need per Day?
Hydration Habits: Why Water Matters More Than You Think
Water does far more than quench thirst. It keeps joints cushioned, aids digestion, supports kidneys and the urinary tract, and helps regulate body temperature. Dogs are usually eager drinkers; cats, not so much. That is why clear targets, quick checks, and a few smart tools make a real difference.
Quick-answer box
- Dogs: 50–60 ml of water per kg body weight per day (about 0.75–0.9 fl oz per lb).
- Cats: 40–50 ml of water per kg per day (about 0.6–0.8 fl oz per lb).
- Needs increase with heat, activity, dry food, age, nursing, and some medical conditions.
3-step at-home dehydration check: 1) Gum test: Gums should be moist and slick, not tacky. 2) Skin tent: Lift skin over the shoulder blades; it should snap back quickly. 3) Capillary refill: Press a pink area of the gums until it blanches; color should return in 1–2 seconds.
If these are off or your pet seems unusually tired, call your vet.
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Daily water by weight
Actual needs vary with diet, weather, and activity. Use the ranges below as a helpful starting point.
Dogs
| Weight | Daily water (ml) | Daily water (fl oz) |
|---|---|---|
| 5 kg | 250–300 | 8–10 |
| 10 kg | 500–600 | 17–20 |
| 20 kg | 1000–1200 | 34–41 |
| 30 kg | 1500–1800 | 51–61 |
| 40 kg | 2000–2400 | 68–81 |
Cats
| Weight | Daily water (ml) | Daily water (fl oz) |
|---|---|---|
| 3 kg | 120–150 | 4–5 |
| 4 kg | 160–200 | 5–7 |
| 5 kg | 200–250 | 7–8 |
| 6 kg | 240–300 | 8–10 |
Tip: Pets on dry food often need the higher end of the range. Wet food naturally adds moisture.
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Why hydration is vital for your pet’s health
Water powers nearly every system in your pet’s body: temperature control, digestion and nutrient transport, joint lubrication, and kidney and liver function. Even mild dehydration can sap energy, strain organs, and, over time, contribute to urinary issues (especially in cats) and constipation.
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Early signs of dehydration in pets
Act early—subtle signs matter.
- Dry or tacky gums and nose
- Reduced skin elasticity (slow skin snap-back)
- Lethargy or low energy
- Panting in dogs without exertion; faster shallow breathing in cats
- Reduced appetite, vomiting, or diarrhoea
- Dark yellow urine; fewer or smaller litter clumps in cats
Safety note: Drinking a lot more than usual (polydipsia) can signal medical issues such as diabetes, Cushing’s, or kidney disease. Sudden changes up or down warrant a vet check.
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Why fresh, clean water matters
Pets can be picky about taste and smell. Keep water appealing and safe.
- Refresh daily and wash bowls or fountains with hot soapy water to prevent biofilm.
- Choose stainless steel or glazed ceramic over plastic to limit scratches and bacteria.
If your tap water is heavily chlorinated, consider filtered water or a fountain with a charcoal filter.
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Hydration challenges, especially for cats
Cats evolved with a low thirst drive, getting moisture from prey. On dry kibble, many do not make up the difference at the bowl, which raises the risk of urinary crystals, lower urinary tract disease, kidney strain, and constipation. Thoughtful hydration is not a nice-to-have for cats—it is essential preventive care.
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Vet-approved ways to help your pet drink more
1) Offer moving water Many pets prefer running water. Fountains keep water cool and oxygenated. Soft
2) Place multiple water stations Make water easy to find—one bowl per floor, plus one near favourite nap spots.
3) Add water to meals Stir in a few teaspoons to tablespoons of water, or mix with wet food. For a flavour boost, use a splash of low-sodium broth free from onion, garlic, and chives.
4) Switch to wet or mix feed Wet food is 70–80 percent moisture versus ~10–12 percent for dry. Even half-wet, half-dry can help. Soft CTA: See feeders that suit mixed meals: auto feeders.
5) Ice and enrichment Some dogs enjoy ice cubes or frozen broth cubes, especially in summer. Offer small amounts and observe your pet’s preferences.
6) Bowl materials matter Stainless and ceramic resist scratches and odours better than plastic.
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Bowls vs fountains vs automatic waterers: which is right?
- Bowls: Simple, affordable, easy to add in multiple rooms. Best when cleaned daily and made from stainless or ceramic.
- Fountains: Encourage picky drinkers (especially cats); filters can improve taste. Clean weekly and refresh filters as directed.
- Auto waterers/dispensers: Great for multi-pet households or short trips; still need regular cleaning and fresh refills.
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Seasonal and activity tips
- Hot weather: Many pets need up to 1.5–2 times their usual intake in heat. Offer frequent small drinks every 15–20 minutes outdoors and rest in shade.
- Hiking and travel: Pack more than you think; collapsible bowls and pet-safe travel bottles help.
- Seniors: Older pets may drink less or have mobility issues—use raised bowls, non-slip mats, and extra stations near favourite beds.
- Post-surgery or illness: Hydration supports recovery; follow your vet’s guidance on intake and monitor urine output closely.
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When to see a vet urgently
Call your vet now if you notice:
- Persistent vomiting or diarrhoea
- Refusal to drink for more than 24 hours
- Sunken eyes, dry gums, or very dark urine
- Weakness, collapse, or rapid breathing at rest
Dehydration can escalate quickly and often signals an underlying issue.
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FAQs
Q: How much water should my dog drink per day? A: Aim for 50–60 ml per kg body weight daily (about 0.75–0.9 fl oz per lb). Active dogs, hot days, and dry diets push needs up.
Q: How much water should my cat drink per day? A: Around 40–50 ml per kg daily (about 0.6–0.8 fl oz per lb). Many cats do better with wet or mixed feeding plus a fountain.
Q: Do cats really need fountains? A: Many drink more with moving water. Fountains can help picky drinkers and those with urinary or kidney concerns.
Q: Is tap water safe for pets? A: Usually, yes. If water is heavily chlorinated or has a strong odour, use a filter or a fountain with a charcoal filter.
Q: Can I add broth to my pet’s water? A: A splash of pet-safe, low-sodium broth can entice drinking. Avoid onion, garlic, and added salt.
Q: Should I switch to wet food for hydration? A: Wet or mixed feeding boosts moisture intake, especially helpful for cats and seniors. Transition gradually.
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Cleaning routine that actually works
- Daily: Empty, rinse, and wash bowls with hot soapy water; refill with fresh water.
- Weekly: For fountains, disassemble and scrub all parts, including the pump; replace filters as directed.
- Materials: Prefer stainless steel or glazed ceramic; replace any scratched or worn items.
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Takeaway: A few small habits—fresh water, the right bowl or fountain, and a wetter menu—can prevent big problems later. A well-hydrated pet is a happier, healthier companion. Let’s raise the bowl to that, every day.